Arcade · Rules

How to play Ayo

Twelve pits, forty-eight seeds, two people. You sow your seeds around the board and capture the pits you bring to two or three. It takes five minutes to learn and you will still be losing to your uncle in ten years.

Players
2
Seeds
48
To win
25
Also called
Oware
Try it

You against Aura, on this page.

The same rules as the ones written below. No account, and nothing is kept.

Aura 0 of 25
4
4
4
4
4
4
You 0 of 25

Four seeds in every pit. The bottom row is yours.

The rules

Seven things, and the first two are most of it.

  1. Set up

    Two rows of six pits, four seeds in each. The row nearest you is yours. Nobody owns the seeds, only a row.

  2. Sow

    On your turn, lift every seed out of one pit on your row and drop them one at a time into the pits that follow, counterclockwise: along your row to the right, then back along your opponent's.

  3. Twelve or more goes all the way round

    A pit holding twelve seeds or more laps the board. Skip the pit you lifted them from, so it is left empty.

  4. Capture twos and threes

    If your last seed lands in a pit on your opponent's row and brings it to exactly two or three, those seeds are yours. Then look at the pit before it. If that one is on their row and also holds two or three, take it too, and keep walking back until you reach one that doesn't.

  5. You can't take everything

    A capture that would leave your opponent with no seeds at all does not count. The seeds stay where you sowed them and nothing is taken.

  6. Feed an empty row

    If your opponent's row is empty, you have to play a pit that puts seeds on it.

  7. How it ends

    The first player to capture 25 seeds wins on the spot. If the player to move has no legal move, the game stops and each player keeps the seeds on their own row: most seeds wins, and 24 each is a draw. A game that reaches 200 moves ends the same way.

One move

A capture, start to finish.

Before. You lift the five seeds from your third pit.
After. Three land on your row and two on Aura's. The last seed makes a two and the one before it made a three, so you take both pits: five seeds.
People ask

The arguments this page is meant to settle.

How many seeds do you need to win Ayo?
Twenty-five. There are 48 seeds on the board, so 25 is more than half and nobody can catch you. If both players finish on 24 the game is a draw.
Which way do you sow in Ayo?
Counterclockwise, one seed to a pit: along your own row to the right, then back along your opponent's row. If you are sowing twelve seeds or more, skip the pit you lifted them from.
Can you capture all of your opponent's seeds?
No. A capture that would leave your opponent with nothing on their row does not count. The seeds stay where you sowed them and nothing is taken.
What happens when your opponent has no seeds left?
You have to play a pit that puts seeds on their row. If no pit of yours reaches that far, the game ends and each player keeps the seeds on their own row.
Is Ayo the same game as Oware?
Ayo is the Yoruba name and Oware is the name in Ghana. Houses play it differently. The rules on this page are the standard Oware tournament rules, which is what every Ayo table on Afrilingua plays.
Is it free to play?
Yes. The board on this page needs no account, and tables against other people are free.
Where it comes from

One game, a lot of names.

Ayo is what the Yoruba call it. In Ghana the same board is Oware. It is one of the sowing games that get filed together as mancala, and it needs nothing but two rows of hollows and forty-eight small things to count.

It is not played the same way in every house. If your family plays it differently from the rules above, your family is not wrong. These are the ones our tables use, so that two people who have never met can sit down and agree.

Now a person

Aura is practice. Your cousin is the game.

Free tables
Open one, send the link, play. No stake needed to sit down, and no download for whoever you invited.
A day a move
Each of you has up to a day for every move, so a game fits around Lagos and Dallas being awake at different hours. Or sit down together and finish it in ten minutes.
Brackets
Ayo is one of the games with knockout tournaments.
Open an Ayo table

Ayo is one of the games in the Arcade.